Common Core Standards

Mathematics Florida Standards (MAFS) Grades 5-7

MAFS.5.NBT.2.7     Add, subtract, multiply, and divide decimals to hundredths, using concrete models or drawings and strategies based on place value, properties of operations, and/or the relationship between addition and subtraction; relate the strategy to a written method and explain the reasoning used. Cognitive Complexity: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts
MAFS.5.NF.1.2     Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions referring to the same whole, including cases of unlike denominators, e.g., by using visual fraction models or equations to represent the problem. Use benchmark fractions and number sense of fractions to estimate mentally and assess the reasonableness of answers. For example, recognize an incorrect result 2/5 + 1/2 = 3/7, by observing that 3/7 < 1/2. Cognitive Complexity: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts

MAFS.5.NF.2.6     Solve real world problems involving multiplication of fractions and mixed numbers, e.g., by using visual fraction models or equations to represent the problem. Cognitive Complexity: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts

MAFS.5.MD.1.1     Convert among different-sized standard measurement units (i.e., km, m, cm; kg, g; lb, oz.; l, ml; hr, min, sec) within a given measurement system (e.g., convert 5 cm to 0.05 m), and use these conversions in solving multi-step, real world problems.
Cognitive Complexity: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts

MAFS.5.MD.3.3     Recognize volume as an attribute of solid figures and understand concepts of volume measurement.
a. A cube with side length 1 unit, called a “unit cube,” is said to have “one cubic unit” of volume, and can be used to measure volume.
b. A solid figure which can be packed without gaps or overlaps using n unit cubes is said to have a volume of n cubic units.
Cognitive Complexity: Level 1: Recall

MAFS.5.MD.3.4     Measure volumes by counting unit cubes, using cubic cm, cubic in, cubic ft, and improvised units. Cognitive Complexity: Level 1: Recall

MAFS.5.G.1.1     Use a pair of perpendicular number lines, called axes, to define a coordinate system, with the intersection of the lines (the origin) arranged to coincide with the 0 on each line and a given point in the plane located by using an ordered pair of numbers, called its coordinates. Understand that the first number indicates how far to travel from the origin in the direction of one axis, and the second number indicates how far to travel in the direction of the second axis, with the convention that the names of the two axes and the coordinates correspond (e.g., x-axis and x-coordinate, y-axis and y-coordinate). Cognitive Complexity: Level 1: Recall

MAFS.5.G.1.2     Represent real world and mathematical problems by graphing points in the first quadrant of the coordinate plane, and interpret coordinate values of points in the context of the situation. Cognitive Complexity: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts

MAFS.6.RP.1.2     Understand the concept of a unit rate a/b associated with a ratio a:b with b ≠ 0, and use rate language in the context of a ratio relationship. For example, “This recipe has a ratio of 3 cups of flour to 4 cups of sugar, so there is 3/4 cup of flour for each cup of sugar.” “We paid $75 for 15 hamburgers, which is a rate of $5 per hamburger.” Cognitive Complexity: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts

MAFS.6.RP.1.3     Use ratio and rate reasoning to solve real-world and mathematical problems, e.g., by reasoning about tables of equivalent ratios, tape diagrams, double number line diagrams, or equations.
a. Make tables of equivalent ratios relating quantities with whole-number measurements, find missing values in the tables, and plot the pairs of values on the coordinate plane. Use tables to compare ratios.
b. Solve unit rate problems including those involving unit pricing and constant speed. For example, if it took 7 hours to mow 4 lawns, then at that rate, how many lawns could be mowed in 35 hours? At what rate were lawns being mowed?
c. Find a percent of a quantity as a rate per 100 (e.g., 30% of a quantity means 30/100 times the quantity); solve problems involving finding the whole, given a part and the percent.
d. Use ratio reasoning to convert measurement units; manipulate and transform units appropriately when multiplying or dividing quantities.
e. Understand the concept of Pi as the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.
(1See Table 2 Common Multiplication and Division Situations) Cognitive Complexity: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts
MAFS.6.NS.2.3     Fluently add, subtract, multiply, and divide multi-digit decimals using the standard algorithm for each operation. Cognitive Complexity: Level 1: Recall

MAFS.6.NS.3.5     Understand that positive and negative numbers are used together to describe quantities having opposite directions or values (e.g., temperature above/below zero, elevation above/below sea level, credits/debits, positive/negative electric charge); use positive and negative numbers to represent quantities in real-world contexts, explaining the meaning of 0 in each situation. Cognitive Complexity: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts

MAFS.6.NS.3.6     Understand a rational number as a point on the number line. Extend number line diagrams and coordinate axes familiar from previous grades to represent points on the line and in the plane with negative number coordinates.
a. Recognize opposite signs of numbers as indicating locations on opposite sides of 0 on the number line; recognize that the opposite of the opposite of a number is the number itself, e.g., –(–3) = 3, and that 0 is its own opposite.
b. Understand signs of numbers in ordered pairs as indicating locations in quadrants of the coordinate plane; recognize that when two ordered pairs differ only by signs, the locations of the points are related by reflections across one or both axes.
c. Find and position integers and other rational numbers on a horizontal or vertical number line diagram; find and position pairs of integers and other rational numbers on a coordinate plane.
Cognitive Complexity: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts

MAFS.6.NS.3.7     Understand ordering and absolute value of rational numbers.
a. Interpret statements of inequality as statements about the relative position of two numbers on a number line diagram. For example, interpret –3 > –7 as a statement that –3 is located to the right of –7 on a number line oriented from left to right.
b. Write, interpret, and explain statements of order for rational numbers in real-world contexts. For example, write –3 ºC > –7 ºC to express the fact that –3 ºC is warmer than –7 ºC.
c. Understand the absolute value of a rational number as its distance from 0 on the number line; interpret absolute value as magnitude for a positive or negative quantity in a real-world situation. For example, for an account balance of –30 dollars, write |–30| = 30 to describe the size of the debt in dollars.
d. Distinguish comparisons of absolute value from statements about order.

MAFS.6.EE.2.6     Use variables to represent numbers and write expressions when solving a real-world or mathematical problem; understand that a variable can represent an unknown number, or, depending on the purpose at hand, any number in a specified set. Cognitive Complexity: Level 3: Strategic Thinking & Complex Reasoning

MAFS.7.RP.1.1     Compute unit rates associated with ratios of fractions, including ratios of lengths, areas and other quantities measured in like or different units. For example, if a person walks 1/2 mile in each 1/4 hour, compute the unit rate as the complex fraction 1/2/1/4 miles per hour, equivalently 2 miles per hour. Cognitive Complexity: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts
MAFS.7.EE.1.2     Understand that rewriting an expression in different forms in a problem context can shed light on the problem and how the quantities in it are related. For example, a + 0.05a = 1.05a means that “increase by 5%” is the same as “multiply by 1.05.” Cognitive Complexity: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts
MAFS.7.EE.2.4     Use variables to represent quantities in a real-world or mathematical problem, and construct simple equations and inequalities to solve problems by reasoning about the quantities.
a. Solve word problems leading to equations of the form px + q = r and p(x + q) = r, where p, q, and r are specific rational numbers. Solve equations of these forms fluently. Compare an algebraic solution to an arithmetic solution, identifying the sequence of the operations used in each approach. For example, the perimeter of a rectangle is 54 cm. Its length is 6 cm. What is its width?
b. Solve word problems leading to inequalities of the form px + q > r or px + q < r, where p, q, and r are specific rational numbers. Graph the solution set of the inequality and interpret it in the context of the problem. For example: As a salesperson, you are paid $50 per week plus $3 per sale. This week you want your pay to be at least $100. Write an inequality for the number of sales you need to make, and describe the solutions.

Cognitive Complexity: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts
MAFS.7.G.1.2     Draw (freehand, with ruler and protractor, and with technology) geometric shapes with given conditions. Focus on constructing triangles from three measures of angles or sides, noticing when the conditions determine a unique triangle, more than one triangle, or no triangle. Cognitive Complexity: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts

MAFS.7.G.2.4     Know the formulas for the area and circumference of a circle and use them to solve problems; give an informal derivation of the relationship between the circumference and area of a circle. Cognitive Complexity: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts
MAFS.7.SP.2.3     Informally assess the degree of visual overlap of two numerical data distributions with similar variabilities, measuring the difference between the centers by expressing it as a multiple of a measure of variability. For example, the mean height of players on the basketball team is 10 cm greater than the mean height of players on the soccer team, about twice the variability (mean absolute deviation) on either team; on a dot plot, the separation between the two distributions of heights is noticeable. Cognitive Complexity: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts
MAFS.7.SP.3.5     Understand that the probability of a chance event is a number between 0 and 1 that expresses the likelihood of the event occurring. Larger numbers indicate greater likelihood. A probability near 0 indicates an unlikely event, a probability around 1/2 indicates an event that is neither unlikely nor likely, and a probability near 1 indicates a likely event. Cognitive Complexity: Level 1: Recall
MAFS.7.SP.3.8     Find probabilities of compound events using organized lists, tables, tree diagrams, and simulation.
a. Understand that, just as with simple events, the probability of a compound event is the fraction of outcomes in the sample space for which the compound event occurs.
b. Represent sample spaces for compound events using methods such as organized lists, tables and tree diagrams. For an event described in everyday language (e.g., “rolling double sixes”), identify the outcomes in the sample space which compose the event.
c. Design and use a simulation to generate frequencies for compound events. For example, use random digits as a simulation tool to approximate the answer to the question: If 40% of donors have type A blood, what is the probability that it will take at least 4 donors to find one with type A blood?

Cognitive Complexity: Level 3: Strategic Thinking & Complex Reasoning

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SC.35.CS-CS.1.3
Answer a question, individually and collaboratively, using data from a simulation.
Subject Area: Science Grade: 35
Body of Knowledge: Computer Science – Communication Systems and Computing
Standard: Modeling and simulations
Date Adopted or Revised: 05/16
Status: State Board Approved

SC.35.CS-CS.2.7
Identify and correct logical errors in algorithms; written, mapped, live action, or digital.
More Information
Content Complexity: N/A
Date Adopted/Revised: 05/16
Belongs to: Problem solving and algorithms

SC.35.CS-CS.2.3
Explain the process of arranging or sorting information into useful order as well as the purpose for doing so.
More Information
Content Complexity: N/A
Date Adopted/Revised: 05/16
Belongs to: Problem solving and algorithms

SC.35.CS-CS.2.4
Solve real-world problems in science and engineering using computational thinking skills.
Subject Area: Science
Grade: 35
Body of Knowledge: Computer Science – Communication Systems and Computing
Standard: Problem solving and Algorithms
Date Adopted or Revised: 05/16
Status: State Board Approved

SC.35.CS-CS.2.5
Explain that there are several possible algorithms for searching within a dataset (such as finding a specific word in a word list or card in a deck of cards).

SC.35.CS-CS.3.2
Create an artifact (independently and collaboratively) that answers a research question clearly communicating thoughts and ideas.

Compare the observations made by different groups using multiple tools and seek reasons to explain the differences across groups.
Subject Area: Science
Grade: 4
Body of Knowledge: Nature of Science
Big Idea: The Practice of Science –

A: Scientific inquiry is a multifaceted activity; The processes of science include the formulation of scientifically investigable questions, construction of investigations into those questions, the collection of appropriate data, the evaluation of the meaning of those data, and the communication of this evaluation.
B: The processes of science frequently do not correspond to the traditional portrayal of “the scientific method.”
C: Scientific argumentation is a necessary part of scientific inquiry and plays an important role in the generation and validation of scientific knowledge.
D: Scientific knowledge is based on observation and inference; it is important to recognize that these are very different things. Not only does science require creativity in its methods and processes, but also in its questions and explanations.
Date Adopted or Revised: 02/08
Content Complexity Rating: Level 3: Strategic Thinking & Complex Reasoning – More Information
Remarks/Examples
* Florida Standards Connections: LAFS.4.SL.1.1. Engage effectively in a range of collaborative discussions with diverse partners on grade 4 topics and texts, building on others’ ideas and expressing their own clearly.

** Florida Standards Connections: MAFS.K12.MP.4: Model with mathematics; and, MAFS.K12.MP.5: Use appropriate tools strategically.

SC.4.N.1.3
Explain that science does not always follow a rigidly defined method (“the scientific method”) but that science does involve the use of observations and empirical evidence.
Subject Area: Science
Grade: 4
Body of Knowledge: Nature of Science
Big Idea: The Practice of Science –

A: Scientific inquiry is a multifaceted activity; The processes of science include the formulation of scientifically investigate questions, construction of investigations into those questions, the collection of appropriate data, the evaluation of the meaning of those data, and the communication of this evaluation.
B: The processes of science frequently do not correspond to the traditional portrayal of “the scientific method.”
C: Scientific argumentation is a necessary part of scientific inquiry and plays an important role in the generation and validation of scientific knowledge.
D: Scientific knowledge is based on observation and inference; it is important to recognize that these are very different things. Not only does science require creativity in its methods and processes, but also in its questions and explanations.

SC.35.CS-CS.1.4
Create a simple model of a system (e.g., flower or solar system) and explain what the model shows and does not show.